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Pantheon
Title:
Pantheon
View:
Dramatic dark view of the oculus with sun spot on coffers
Creators:
Hadrian, Emperor of Rome (Ancient Roman patron, 76-138 CE)
Creator:
Hadrian, Emperor of Rome
Style/Period:
Imperial (Roman)
Style/Period:
Imperial (Roman)
Location:
site: Rome, Lazio, Italy
Location Notes:
Regione IX Circus Flaminius; Piazza della Rotunda
City or Site:
Rome
Country:
Italy
GPS:
+41.8986+12.4768
Culture:
Roman
Date:
118-125 CE (creation)
Measurements:
142 ft (diameter, base of dome)
Material:
brick; marble; bronze; concrete; granite
Work Type:
buildings; religious buildings; temples
Work Type:
temple
Description:
Commissioned by Marcus Agrippa (that building destroyed, but referenced in the inscription), and completely rebuilt by Emperor Hadrian ca. 118-125 CE. The building is circular with a portico of large granite Corinthian columns (eight in the first rank and two groups of four behind) under a pediment. A rectangular vestibule links the porch to the rotunda, which is under a coffered, concrete dome, with a central opening (oculus of 8.15 m diameter) to the sky. Almost two thousand years after it was built, the Pantheon's dome is still the world's largest unreinforced concrete dome. The height to the oculus and the diameter of the interior circle are the same, 43.3 metres (142 ft). It is one of the best preserved of all Roman buildings. It has been in continuous use throughout its history, and since 609, the Pantheon has been used as a Roman Catholic church dedicated to St. Mary and the Martyrs (Santa Maria ad Martyres) but informally known as "Santa Maria Rotonda." (Source: Grove Art Online; http://www.oxfordartonline.com/)
Classification:
architecture
Inscription:
M·AGRIPPA·L·F·COS·TERTIVM·FECIT [Marcus Agrippa, son of Lucius, made this building when consul for the third time]
Technique:
construction (assembling)
Subjects:
architecture; death or burial; funerary art; rulers and leaders; Roman Empire; interior; dome; window: oculus; window: porthole
